In order to find the approaches of preventing soil and water loss and recovering forestryand grassland vegetation in upper reaches of the yangtze rirer,the paper,according to the reason ofsoil and water loss of small watershed,discussed correct thought of soil and water conservationworks,steps,methods and techniques of controlling soil and water loss,and the relationship be-tween comprehensive control and development of agriculture and animal husbandry in the area. Inaddition,this paper tries to find the way from poor to rich in the minority pastoral areas,The expe-rience and scientific basis were provided for comprehensive control soil and water loss areas of upperreaches of the yangtze river.