Since 1980,the program of comprehensive soil and water conservation harnessing and expeloiting experiments in 144 small basins and 4 stages have been put into effect in upper and middle reaches of Yellow River by government,very good benefits have been obtained.Today,most of the basins have been the examples for the local soil and water conservation and models of breaking away from poverty and becoming rich to a relatively comfortable life for local people.Taking the market as the guide,the conduct experiments should expeloit and study the ways to continuously open up the investment channels and develope soil and water conservation production,strengthen the comprehensive developmental ability in small water shed,finally realize the sustainable development.