The changing characters of the regional environment and its relationship to humans over an historical period in Ningxia Hui Autonomuus Region as well as its neighbor areas are studied. The result shows that the regional environment and ils relatioiiship to humans are associated with two land use activities, namely naturally suited agriculture with Mockhret'ling economic activity and secondary - type suited agricultural economic activity. The physical environment in Ningxia region and its neighbor areas were utilized for agriculture and slock breeding activities for 1800 years from the Han dynasty to the Ming dynasty. During this time, regional areas suited to agriculture and stockbreeding fluctuated with military situations and political affairs. and also with ethical powers associatt'd with agriculture and stockhreeding. The settlement of agririilture and stockhreeding people was a direct reason for changes in the original physical environment.