This study is based on the concept of water environment carrying capacity and is combined with the current water environmental situation. Through the establishment of evaluation index system and the application of vector norm method,the evaluation of water environmental carrying capacity in Southern Shaanxi Provine from 2000 to 2007 are made. Results show that the change of water environmental carrying capacity has a fluctuated tendency,but becomes more and more gently. According to the specific circumstances of it,some countermeasures are proposed:strengthening regional water conservation and protecting water sources,revising industrial distribution,speeding up the construction of sewage treatment facilities,increasing small-scale water conservancy project construction,and establishing water resource compensation mechanism.