柽柳对盐碱土养分与盐分的影响及其区化特征
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国家科技支撑课题“河套地区耐盐植物筛选及应用示范研究”(2007BAC08B04);宁夏回族自治区自然科学基金(NZ0972)


Effects and Partition Characteristics of Tamarix Ramosissima on Nutrients and Salt of Saline-alkali Soils
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    摘要:

    为了研究柽柳对盐碱土的生物改良作用及其有效作用范围,通过大田对比试验,以盐碱荒地为对照,分析了柽柳对土壤养分、全盐及盐分离子的影响及其区化特征。结果表明,柽柳能够提高盐碱地土壤养分,降低pH值、全盐及盐分离子含量。与对照相比,表层0—20cm土壤有机质增加了30.5%,碱解氮增加了48.9%,速效磷增加了51.4%;底层20—50cm土壤3者分别增加了78.8%,21.3%,25.0%;表层土壤pH值降低0.3个单位,但是底层20—50cm土壤pH值增加了0.4个单位;表层和底层脱盐率分别达到86.4%和88.2%,碱化度分别降低了75.4%和53.8%;柽柳对土壤盐分离子表现出选择吸收性,Na+和Cl-降幅高于Ca2+,Mg2+,K+,SO24-。柽柳在深度0—25cm,距离树干0—15cm范围内,形成"低盐、低pH值、高有机质"的优化区域。确定合理的柽柳配置方案,充分发挥其生物和非生物功能,是土壤理化性质向良性循环方向发展的关键。

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    In order to study phytoremediation of Tamarix ramosissima on saline-alkali soil and its effective range.Total salt and ionic contents of saline-alkali soils and characteristics of nutrient partition were analyzed based on field comparative test with saline-uncultivated land as CK.The results show that Tamarix increased nutrient contents of the saline-alkali soils,but decreased pH,total salt and ionic contents.Compared with CK,soil organic matter(SOM),available N,and available P at surface(0—20 cm) increased 30.5%,49.8% and 51.4%,respectively,and at sub-layer(20—50 cm) increased 78.8%,21.3% and 25.0%,respectively.The pH value was 0.3 units lower than CK at surface layer(0—20 cm),but was 0.4 units higher at sub-layers(20—50 cm).The desalination rate at surface layer and sub-layer were 86.4% and 88.2%,respectively,while ESP decreased 75.4% and 53.8%,respectively.Meanwhile,Tamarix exhibited selective absorption for Na+ and Cl-,with a significant higher reduction amplitude than other ions,such as Ca2+,Mg2+,K+ and SO2-4.An optimizing region with "lower total salt,lower pH and higher SOM" was formed in a layer of 0—25 cm depth within 15 cm to Tamarix.An reasonable Tamarix arrangement that could fully realize its biological and non-biological functions will be the key to improve physical and chemical properties of saline-alkali soils for sustainable development.

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雷金银,班乃荣,张永宏,王长军.柽柳对盐碱土养分与盐分的影响及其区化特征[J].水土保持通报,2011,(2):73-76

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  • 收稿日期:2010-07-27
  • 最后修改日期:2010-08-26
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-11-26
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