喀斯特小流域石漠化综合治理技术研究——以贵州省毕节市石桥小流域为例
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国家“十一五”科技支撑计划重大课题“喀斯特高原退化生态系统综合整治技术与模式”(2006BAC01A09);贵州省科技计划课题“贵州喀斯特石漠化生态系统综合整治技术与模式研究与示范”〔黔科合S字(2007)1061号〕;贵州师范大学学生科研重点项目


Integrated Rehabilitation Techniques of Rocky Desertification in a Watershed of Karst Areas——With Special Reference to Shiqiao Catchment of Bijie City,Guizhou Province
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    摘要:

    采用SPOT影像(2.5m分辨率),利用3S技术勘察研究了贵州省毕节市石桥小流域不同土地利用方式的石漠化分布情况。研究结果表明,流域内部分耕地、灌木林地、疏林地、荒草地发生了石漠化(轻度及以上),其它土地利用方式无石漠化分布。根据流域上、中、下游段生境特征与社会经济发展情况,分别对发生石漠化的各类土地采取生物与工程措施治理,以坡耕地林—草、林—粮、粮—草间作及轮作复合经营作为高人口压力下生态建设的突破口,以水资源提取—高位水池—管网调度利用为核心,建立了城郊型混农林草牧(禽)业模式,初步形成引领小流域农村经济发展的生态产业。流域内水土流失与石漠化趋势得到遏制,流域土壤流失量减少了32%,人均收入增加了532元,生态、经济、社会发展逐渐步入可持续发展轨道。

    Abstract:

    The distribution of rocky desertification in different types of land use was identified on SPOT imagery(2.5 m resolution) with 3S technology.The results indicate that,rocky desertification(over mild degree of desertification) occurred in parts of cultivated lands,shrub lands,sparse woodlands and/or grasslands.According to the habitat characteristics and social economic development of the upstream,midstream,and downstream areas in Shiqiao catchment,engineering and biological measures of desertification control were suggested as followed:(1) Practicing intercropping and rotation of tree—grass,tree—crop,crop—grass in sloped farmland as breakthrough points of ecological construction under high population pressure;(2) Optimizing water resource network of water pumps,head tanks and channels as the kernel;(3) Developing a suburban hybrid industry of agriculture,forestry and animal husbandry as a ecological system to promote rural economic growth in future.Finally,water and soil loss,rocky desertification will be controlled with soil erosion reduction of 32%,income increase of 533 yuan per capita,and sustainable ecology,economy and society.

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高渐飞,熊康宁,苏孝良,周玮.喀斯特小流域石漠化综合治理技术研究——以贵州省毕节市石桥小流域为例[J].水土保持通报,2011,(2):117-121,127

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  • 收稿日期:2010-09-16
  • 最后修改日期:2010-10-24
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-11-26
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