Based on high-precision GPS(Trimble 5700) measurement data on hillslopes of Ziwuling area,this paper validated the existing models for predicting ephemeral gully erosion thresholds.The results show that the existing models were 10% ~ 40% over-predicting or 20%~ 35% under-predicting of the distribution area of ephemeral gully erosion on hillslopes.A new critical model for predicting ephemeral gully erosion on hills-lopes was then established through the high-solution DEM generated by GPS,GIS and statistical analysis.The GPS measurement data on hillslopes of the Ziwuling area were then used to validate the newly established critical model.The results show that the new model well predicted the distribution area of ephemeral gully erosion on hillslopes with a low relative error of 5% .