蚌埠市地表灰尘重金属污染特征及潜在生态风险
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国家自然科学基金项目"基于遥感和GIS的城市景观格局演变与水文效应关系研究"(41001292); 蚌埠学院优秀人才计划项目〔(2012)40号)〕


Heavy Metal Pollution Characteristics and Potential Ecological Risk in Surface Dusts of Bengbu City
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    摘要:

    调查了安微省蚌埠市文教区、居民区、商业区、公园绿地区、工业区、交通区6个功能区的地表灰尘中重金属Zn,Cu,Pb,Cd,Mn的含量,并采用地累积指数法和Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法评价了重金属污染程度及潜在生态风险。结果表明,蚌埠市地表灰尘中Zn,Cu,Pb,Cd和Mn平均含量依次为:254.29,85.64,72.39,2.31和535.86 mg/kg,均高于安徽省土壤环境背景值。地累积指数法评价结果显示,Cd元素为偏重污染;Zn和Cu为偏中度污染;Pb为轻度污染;Mn处于清洁水平。所研究的6个功能区均属于偏中度污染。潜在生态危害指数法评价结果表明,Cd元素污染最严重,在所有采样点均超出强生态危害水平,其他4种重金属元素均属于轻微生态危害。交通区、商业区、居民区和工业区属于很强生态危害程度,文教区和公园绿地区处于强生态危害水平。在去除重金属Cd以后,各功能区均表现为轻微生态危害水平。总之,蚌埠市地表灰尘重金属的生态环境较好,但存在Cd元素的极强潜在生态危害。

    Abstract:

    The concentrations of heavy metals(Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and Mn) are investigated in surface dusts of Bengbu City, Anhui Province. The geo-accumulation index and the Hakanson potential ecological risk index are employed to evaluate the pollution degree of heavy metals in the surface dusts and the level of potential ecological risks. Results show that the average contents of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd and Mn in the surface dusts are 254.29, 85.64, 72.39, 2.31 and 535.86 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of the heavy metals are higher than their soil background values in Anhui Province. The evaluation results of geo-accumulation indicate that Cd is of partial heavy pollution, Zn and Cu are of partial mild pollution, Pb is of light pollution, and Mn is in clean level. All functional areas are in partial moderate pollution. Assessment results of the potential ecological risks indicate that Cd pollution is the most serious, beyond the strong ecological risk level in all sampling points. The other four heavy metals are in slight ecological risk. The sampling points in traffic, business, residential and industrial districts belong to very strong ecological risk degree and other sampling points are in strong ecological risk. After the removal of heavy metal Cd, various functional areas are in slight ecological risk. In general, the situation of surface dusts of Bengbu City is in a good ecological environment. However there is the very strong potential ecological risk for Cd.

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朱兰保,盛蒂,戚晓明,赵晓芳.蚌埠市地表灰尘重金属污染特征及潜在生态风险[J].水土保持通报,2014,(3):242-246

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  • 收稿日期:2013-11-12
  • 最后修改日期:2013-12-23
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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-03-29
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