模拟沟灌条件下辽西褐土产流起始时间的影响因素
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国家自然科学基金项目"东北黑土低山丘陵区融雪侵蚀机理与过程研究"(41371272); 国家自然科学基金项目"辽西褐土旱作农田区沟灌侵蚀机理与侵蚀过程研究"(41071183)


Factors Affecting Initial Time of Runoff Under Simulated Furrow Irrigation in Western Liaoning Cinnamon Soil
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    摘要:

    [目的] 明确不同坡度、容重、含水率、灌水量对辽西褐土沟灌侵蚀产流起始时间的影响,以减少褐土沟灌侵蚀,指导农田灌溉。[方法] 采用正交设计进行了室内模拟垄沟冲刷试验, 采用4因素3水平的响应曲面分析法建立产流起始时间、侵蚀量的二次多项式数学模型。[结果] 产流时间都在20.05 s之内,最小的为3.03 s;产流起始时间、侵蚀量的二次多项式数学模型决定系数R2分别为0.998 9和0.999 2。[结论] 坡度、灌水量、土壤容重、土壤含水率与产流时间呈负相关关系,对产流时间有着显著影响,且灌水量 > 坡度 > 土壤含水率 > 土壤容重;试验中建立的二次多项式数学模型拟合效果良好。通过数值计算,提出不同坡度下满足侵蚀量最小时的灌溉模式。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] To analyze the influence of different slope, soil bulk density, soil moisture content, and irrigation water amount on initial time of runoff during furrow irrigation erosion of cinnamon soil in Western Liaoning Province, in order to reduce the furrow irrigation erosion and guide the irrigation further. [Methods] The scouring experiment was conducted by orthogonal design. The method of response surface analysis with 4 factors and 3 levels was adopted to build a quadratic equation for initial time of runoff and soil erosion amount. [Results] The initial time of runoff was within 20.05 s and the smallest was 3.03 s. The determination coefficient of the quadratic equation was 0.998 9 and 0.999 2, respectively. [Conclusion] Slope, irrigation amount, soil bulk density and soil moisture content were negatively correlated with initial time of runoff, and had a significant effect on it. The influence order was as following: irrigation amount > slope > soil bulk density > soil moisture content. The quadratic equation build in the experiment was well fitted. Irrigation mode of minimal erosion amount under different slope was obtained by numerical calculation.

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武敏,范昊明,杨晓珍,周丽丽,贾燕锋,王铁良.模拟沟灌条件下辽西褐土产流起始时间的影响因素[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(3):34-38

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  • 收稿日期:2014-01-20
  • 最后修改日期:2014-02-28
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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-04-05
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