[Objective] In order to better explore the interaction between land use and regional economic development, and coordinate the regional development. [Methods] Using the function of spatial and statistical analysis, the township level administrative units were taken as the study unit, the relationship between the two variables of the space structure of Langfang City, Hebei Province in 2010 economic indicators and land use was analyzed. [Results] The main economic indicators spatial autocorrelation coefficient were in 0.39 to 0.72. There were complex spatial autocorrelations between land use structure and economic indexes, and they were descripted as follows: (1) Rural per capita net income was in negative correlation to agricultural land, and in positive correlation to construction land and waters. (2) The per capita income was negative related with garden land and woodland, and positive related with construction land and waters. (3) The current agricultural production unit area value was in negative correlation to forest land, traffic land, other land, and in positive correlation to construction land; (4) The yield of grain was in negative correlation to garden land, forest land, traffic land and waters, and in positive correlation to construction land. [Conclusion] Taking similar area as the study area with natural endowment can better reflect the relationship between land use and economic development. Land utilization and economic indicators in Langfang City have significant spatial correlation. The economic development in the north is obviously superior to that of the south, and obviously influenced by the Beijing-Tianjin region. Regulating the construction land structure plays an important role to balance differences in the economic development of Langfang City.