滴灌条件下容重对压砂土壤水分入渗规律的影响
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国家自然科学基金项目"压砂地土壤水分时空变异理论与模型研究"(51269008),"基于微润灌的固沙植物生长动态及灌溉模式研究"(51409137); 兰州理工大学红柳青年教师培养计划资助项目(Q201310)


Influences of Soil Bulk Density on Point Source Infiltration Pattern Under Drip Irrigation Condition in Gravel-sand Mulch Soil
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    摘要:

    [目的] 研究土壤容重对压砂地点源入渗的影响规律,为西北旱区发展砂地滴灌技术提供实际理论依据. [方法] 通过室内模拟土槽试验,以裸地(无植被和压砂)为对照组(CK),研究了土壤容重(1.23,1.38,1.53 g/cm3)对不同种植年限压砂地(新压砂地、中压砂地、老压砂地)砂石层和土壤层两相介质点源入渗规律的影响. [结果] 压砂土壤点源垂直累积入渗与其容重和种植年限皆呈负相关关系,压砂土壤在入渗初期,容重对其入渗深度无明显影响,当入渗到达土壤后,入渗深度明显受到容重的影响,容重越大,入渗深度越小;CK水平入渗距离随容重增加而增加,压砂土壤水平入渗随容重增加的变化无明显规律.用λ表征湿润体纵横比,CK和压砂土壤的λ总体随土壤容重增加而减小,压砂土壤容重相同时,λ随种植年限增加而减小.CK入渗前期λ随入渗时间的增加而增加,后期趋于平缓;压砂土壤λ入渗初期随时间增加显著增大,当入渗到达土壤时λ减小,中后期随入渗时间增加λ缓慢增长直至变化不明显. [结论] 压砂对土壤水分垂直入渗有促进作用,压砂土壤点源垂直累积入渗与其容重和种植年限皆呈负相关关系.

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The influences of soil bulk density on point source infiltration in gravel-sand mulched field were studied in order to provide basis for the development of drip irrigation technique in sandy area. [Methods] Bare land(no vegetation and sand mulch) was selected as the contrast group(CK). Based on laboratory simulation experiment, this article studied the influences of different soil bulk density(1.23 g/cm3, 1.38 g/cm3, 1.53 g/cm3) on point source infiltration pattern in gravel-sand with different planting years(new gravel-sand mulched field, middle gravel-sand mulched field, old gravel-sand mulched field). [Results] The point source vertical cumulative infiltration showed a negative correlation with soil bulk density and planting years. Soil bulk density showed no significant effect on the infiltration depth in the initial period of infiltration. While infiltration depth were significantly influenced by the density as the infiltration reached the soil, and bulk density decreased with the increase of infiltration depths. Horizontal infiltration distance of CK increased with the increase of soil bulk density, while the change of horizon infiltration of gravel-sand mulched field was not obvious. The moist body aspect ratio was represented with λ, the λ of CK and sand mulch soil decreased with the increase of soil bulk density. When sand mulch soil bulk density was constant, λ decreased with the increase of planting years. The λ of CK increased with the increase of infiltration time in the initial days of infiltration and then became stable. The λ of sand mulch soil increased significantly with the increase of infiltration time in the initial minutes of infiltration, while it decreased when infiltration reached the soil, and the increase of λ was not obvious in the late minutes. [Conclusion] Gravel-sand mulch promote the vertical cumulative infiltration of soil moisture, and point source vertical cumulative infiltration show a negative correlation with soil bulk density and planting years.

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赵文举,郁文,范严伟,唐学芬,马宏.滴灌条件下容重对压砂土壤水分入渗规律的影响[J].水土保持通报,2016,36(1):169-173,200

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  • 收稿日期:2015-03-27
  • 最后修改日期:2015-04-13
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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-04-15
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