[Objective] Analyzing the temporal and spatial changes of key phenological periods of spring maize and exploring the relationships between phenology and hydrothermal factors, to provide scientific references for understanding production and adaption of crop in the background of climate change.[Methods] Data of meteorological stations that are mostly closed to our phenological observation sites were used. Classical statistics were used to analyze the variation trend of phenology of spring maize and the relationships between phenology and hydrothermal conditions.[Results] ① Meteorological stations were observed having roughly equal increased and decreased trends during the growth period of spring maize, however, the precipitation showed an increased trend in most stations. ② There was a negative correlation between the length of growth period(GP) of spring maize and mean air temperature during 2000-2013. The length of GP was observed been affected by air temperature and it was shortened by 4.58 days when air temperature rose by 1.0℃, it was hardly affected by precipitation.[Conclusion] Air temperature showed a negative effect on the length of growth period. Warming and cooling trends of nationwide meteorological stations were both observed during 2000-2013.