[Objective] The soil-crop pollution characteristics and changes to the cultivated layer in a lead-zinc mining area of abandonment were analyzed, in order to explore the most reasonable phytoremediation system.[Methods] The distribution pattern and source of heavy-metal pollution in different areas of cultivated land were analyzed using the GIS-based Tominson load index method. The soil-crop pollution characteristics were studied by the enrichment factor method (BCF) and composite quality impact index method (IICQ).[Results] The contents of Cd, Zn, Pb, and Hg in the soil of the cultivated layer in the study area were 100, 45, 18, and 18 times of those of the background values of Guizhou Province, respectively. The levels of Cu, As, and Cr were basically the same as those of the background values. The planting areas of konjac were heavily polluted. The edible parts of stem-type crops had the strongest ability to enrich heavy metals, followed by rice, and the weakest melon crops. The local melon crops can be treated as the first plants to resist heavy metals.[Conclusion] Cd is the main control factor, and the konjac planting area is the main control area. According to the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the study area, it is recommended to use super-enriched plant restoration. Additional recommendations include the activators working together in heavily polluted areas, to plant anti-enrichment vegetables and block the pollution sources in the moderately polluted areas, and to use passivation measures to achieve the purpose of restoring the heavy metals in the tillage layer soil in the rice-growing areas of the light-polluted areas.