[Objective] Some control principles and applicable soil and water conservation measures that should be observed during the ecological construction of a mountain landscape to conserve soil and water were proposed in order to provide reference for soil loss control in the process of mountain landscape construction in the future.[Methods] Taking Dongshan ecological construction project in Baoshan City, Yunnan Province as an example, soil and water loss and its influencing factors of mountain landscape and ecological construction were systematically analyzed.[Results] Aiming at the characteristics of soil erosion caused by mountain project construction, a set of common techniques for soil erosion control from slope surface (such as water interception, terraced land preparation, horizontal terrace preparation and fish scale pit preparation) to the channel for mountain landscape project construction was developed. And the rough calculation of the annual soil erosion amount that can be reduced after the implementation of the soil and water conservation technical measures is more than 5 200 t.[Conclusion] In the process of constructing a mountain landscape ecological project, the principle of protection priority, safety first, and overall consideration should be taken. Considering the economics and ecological characteristics of construction materials, we must also consider the aesthetic factors of the landscape to formulate a complete system of soil and water conservation measures for mountain construction projects.