宁南山区华北落叶松林枯落物水文特征研究
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国家自然科学基金项目(40730631;40671038;30671677;40801017);科技部“十一五”科技支撑计划项目课题(2006BAD03A1803);中国林科院中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFYBB2007038;CAFRIF200702);科技部科研院所社会公益研究专项项目(2004DIB3J102);国家林业局森林生态环境重点实验室项目


Hydrological Characteristics of Larix Principi-rupp rechtii Litter in the South Mountainous Area of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region
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    摘要:

    森林枯落物层具有重要的生态水文功能,对六盘山北侧叠叠沟小流域华北落叶松林下枯落物吸水速率、释水速率和截留降雨动态变化及其影响因素进行了研究。结果表明,枯落物吸水速率与浸泡时间呈对数函数关系,释水速率与时间呈幂函数关系。枯落物饱和持水能力较强,可达到自身重量的4倍。对生长季内枯落物持水量动态变化的观测表明,当长时间无雨时,持水量显著下降;当降雨发生时,持水量迅速增加,这种动态过程随着降雨发生而不断重复。此外,由于林冠下穿透降雨分布不均匀和前期枯落物干燥,有时可出现枯落物透过雨量大于降雨量的现象。对枯落物持水量与环境因子的相关分析表明,持水量与林内降雨量呈显著正相关(P<0. 01),而与林内气温、太阳辐射、风速、大气水势和饱和水汽压差呈显著负相关(P<0. 01)。

    Abstract:

    To understand the eco-hydrological functions of litter,the water absorbing and releasing speed, the dynamics of holding water, and the effects of environmental factors on holding water were studied. A plantation of larch (Larix principi-rupprechtii) in the small watershed of Diediegou in north side of Liupan M ountains, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region w as selected as research stands. Results show ed that the equation for water absorbing speed of litter and its immersed time was y= 38. 206lnx+ 133.38(R2=0.952 1) and the equation for water releasing speed of litter and its immersed time, y= 339.1e-0.000 3x(R2=0.880 6).The water-holding ability of the larch litter was as high as 415.97% of the dry weight. According to the observation on water dynamic process of litter across a grow thseason, the water content of litter decreased markedly in the case of no rainfall for a long time, but increased after rainfall as a result of water-absorption by litter. The drying-up and wetting dynamic process occurred continuously with raining. By correlation analysis, the water amount held in litter w as significantly and positively related with rainfall depth, but negatively related with temperature, solar radiation, wind speed, atmosphere w ater potential,and vapor pressure deficiency (P<0.01).

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刘建立,王彦辉,管伟,程丽莉,于澎涛,熊伟,徐丽宏.宁南山区华北落叶松林枯落物水文特征研究[J].水土保持通报,2009,(6):20-23

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  • 收稿日期:2009-01-06
  • 最后修改日期:2009-05-25
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-11-26
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