The study bosed on historical date of typical Lou soil profile in different years. In order to know the historical evolution and characteristics of nutrient on soil profile , the change of fertility and profile distribution of typical Lou soil in recent 30 years was studied by sampling . Results showed that the soil nutrient contents increased significantly in different soil layers ( except for total potassium) since the 1980s. Organic matter increased by 104. 6%; total nitrogen , by 61. 7%; total phosphorus, by 21. 6%; available nitrogen ,by 67 . 3 %; and available phosphorus, by 255 percent .Total potassium in the whole profile decreased to some extent , but in the top-soil , it declined only by 9. 6 %. In top-soil , the ration of soil nutrient content were greater in 2008 than those in 1982 . Long-term fertilization is helpful to enhance soil fertility and the fertility of Lou soil is propitious to growth and absorption for plants .