三峡库区不同退耕还林模式林地水文效应
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“十二五”国家科技支撑课题“长江流域防护林体系整体优化及调控技术研究”(2011BAD38B04);
国家林业局“长江三峡库区(秭归)森林生态定位站”


Woodland Hydrological Effects of Converting Cropland to Forest in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region
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    摘要:

    在三峡库区兰陵溪小流域内选定3种典型退耕还林模式, 基于2007-2009年连续3a的观测, 对退耕还林林地水文效应进行了定量研究。 结果表明:(1)与坡耕地比较, 退耕还林地土壤总孔隙度增加4.2%~11.5%, 非毛管孔隙度增加了69.1%~162.6%, 平均可增加饱和蓄水量42.5%, 非毛管蓄水量221.4%; (2)各退耕还林模式A层土壤的初渗速率和稳渗速率分别在2.73~4.74mm/min和1.30~2.96mm/min, 与对照相比A层土壤渗透性能差异不大, B层土壤初渗及稳渗速率分别较对照提高0.85~5.21倍和3.33~6.83倍, 在0.14~0.87mm/min和0.06~0.47mm/min间变动; (3)各退耕还林模式年均径流深为13.21~22.38mm, 较农耕地减少74.7%~57.3%, 各退耕模式土壤侵蚀模数在137.1~331.1t/(km2.a), 较对照减少92.4%~81.6%。

    Abstract:

    Based on 3 year(2007-2009) continuous observations, characteristics of woodland hydrological effects from the three typical models of converting cropland to forest were studied in Lanningxi small water- shed of the Three Gorges Reservoir region.Results are as follows:(1) Compared with sloping farmland,t he total soil porosity and non-capillary porosity increased from 4.2% to 11.5% and 69.1% to 162.6% , respec- tively. The maximum soil water capacity and non-capillary water capacity increased by 42.5% and 221.4% , respectively, after converting cropland to forest. (2)Initial infiltration rate and stable infiltration rate in A layer for each of the three models were between 2.73and 4.74mm / min and 1.30and 2.96mm /m in, respec-tively, which had no great differences from those on sloping farmland; and in B layer, between 0.14~0.87 mm/ min and 0.06~0.47mm/min, respectively, which were 0.85~5.21and 3.33~6.83times of those on sloping farmland. (3)The surface runoff depths for the three models were between 13.21 and 22.38mm, which were reduced by 74.7%~57.3% as compared with those on cropland.The average annual soil erosion modulus for the three models were between 137.1and 331.1t/km2, which were reduced by 92.4%~81.6% in contrast to CK.

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潘磊,唐万鹏,肖文发,史玉虎,曾立雄,黄志霖.三峡库区不同退耕还林模式林地水文效应[J].水土保持通报,2012,(5):103-106,112

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  • 收稿日期:2012-02-15
  • 最后修改日期:2012-04-09
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-11-25
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