晋西北不同植被类型土壤水分时空变化特征
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国家自然科学基金项目"晋西北生态重建优势种林地土壤水分研究"(41171423)


Characteristics of Soil Moisture Variation Under Different Vegetation Types in Northwestern Shanxi Province
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    摘要:

    [目的] 对晋西北黄土丘陵区不同植被类型不同季节土壤水分的动态进行研究,为今后该区域植被建设过程中选择适宜的树种提供理论依据。[方法] 以山西省岢岚县西北黄土丘陵区不同类型植被和撂荒地为研究对象,以当地3类有代表性的植被(乔木类小叶杨林、灌木类沙棘林及撂荒地)为研究对象,系统地对旱季(4月)和雨季(9月)不同植被剖面土壤水分含量动态变化规律进行分析。[结果] 各林地旱、雨季的土壤水分含量9月均明显大于4月,从土壤表层到600 cm深处呈现出先增加后减少再增加的变化趋势;而干燥化程度由强到弱依次表现为:小叶杨>沙棘>撂荒地;将3种不同植被类型在0-600 cm深度的土壤水分利用情况分为3个层次:土壤水分的微弱利用层、利用层(过渡层)和稳定层(调节层)。[结论] 晋西北黄土丘陵区在恢复重建植被的过程中,要调整土地利用利用结构,改善乔木、灌木和草的比例,实现植被的多样化,建立合理类型的混交林和复层林,分配好种群密度,构建一个相对平衡的植物群落,保证植物耗水和环境供水处于平稳的状态。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] Research on the dynamic characteristics of soil moisture under different vegetations in different seasons in loess hilly area of Northwest Shanxi Province in order to provide conferences for the selection of appropriate species of vegetation in this area in vegetation construction process.[Methods] This study takes the different types of vegetation and abandoned land in the Loess Hilly Area of Kelan County, Northwest Shanxi Province as the research subject. The author chose the three representative vegetation types in this area as the main object, which including Populus simonii as the representative of arbor, sea buckthorn as the representative of shrub, and abandoned land. The vertical dynamic variation of the soil moisture in the dry season(April) and rainy season(September) of these vegetation types from different surface was systematically analyzed.[Results] The soil moisture of the three vegetation types in September was significantly greater than in April, showing the overall trend was increased, then reduced and increased again from the depth of the surface to 600 cm. The order of soil moisture content of each woodland is:abandoned land> sea buckthorn> populus simonii. Soil dry layer standard of loess hilly region:mild dry layer, moderate dry layer and serious dry layer.[Conclusion] In the process of vegetation restoration and reconstruction in Northwest Shanxi Province, it is essential to adjust the structure of land utilization, improve the proportion of arbors, shrubs and grass, diversify the vegetation, establish a sustainable mixed and re-storied forests and a relatively balanced plant communities with rational population density, and to ensure the water supply by the environment and water consumption of the vegetation is in a stable state.

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郭彪,王尚义,牛俊杰,史建伟,古文婷,梁海斌.晋西北不同植被类型土壤水分时空变化特征[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(1):267-273

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  • 收稿日期:2014-03-04
  • 最后修改日期:2014-03-30
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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-04-05
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