[Objective] The sediment yield of sub-watersheds in the real situation was analyzed, and the impact of single land use type on sediment yield was simulated in the control area of the Anxi hydrological station in the Xixi watershed of Jinjang basin in order to provide scientific support for the management of water resource in the basin.[Methods] HSPF (hydrological simulation program in Fortran) was applied to simulate the sediment discharge under three extreme land use change.[Results] ① R², Ens, and R_e were 0.849, 0.789, and -5.720% in the calibration period, respectively, and were 0.836, 0.837, and 10.790% in verification period, respectively, indicating the high precision of HSPF. ② The areas with higher annual average sediment yield are mainly distributed in areas with relatively high proportion of garden and forest. ③ From the perspective of yearly scale, comparing to the measured values in 2006, the sediment discharge increased 23.56% under garden scene, increased 20.39% under cropland scene, decreased 17.42% under forest scene. From the perspective of monthly scale, the sediment discharges of all the scenes during the wet period were greater than that of the dry period. The sediment discharge of the three landuse scene in May and July was:cropland > garden > forest, while sediment discharge in June and August was:garden > cropland > forest. ④ The unreasonable development of mountain tea orchard and the large proportion of sloping farmland and the lack of appropriate soil and water conservation measures are the main reasons for the increase of sediment discharge in the garden and cropland. The damage of forest and the unreasonable forest category structure are the reasons for the limited amount of reducing sediment discharge of forest scene.[Conclusion] HSPF has high precision in the simulation of sediment yield in watersheds; Garden plot and cultivated land could result in the increase of sediment yield, and forest land could result in the decrease of sediment yield while its amplitude was limited in the study area.