消费型无人机构建工程堆土地形模型的方法及精度评价
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TU751;S157

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陕西省水土保持局项目“农村内涝疏导与雨水资源化利用技术研究”(1601)


Method and Accuracy Evaluation of Constructing an Engineering Pile Land Model Using a Consumer Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
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    [目的] 研究消费型旋翼无人机在生产建设项目水土保持监测中快速构建工程堆土地形模型的方法和精度,为城市水土保持监测提供数据参考。[方法] 以消费型旋翼无人机大疆精灵4Pro作为航摄平台,对某一在建公园工程堆土地形进行低空垂直下视和倾斜交叉航摄,配合不同数量控制点快速构建地形模型,分析两种航摄方法在不同数量控制点时的相对精度、绝对精度以及地形模型的面积和体积与近似准确值的比较精度。[结果] ①地形起伏较小的工程堆土地形不适用于低空45°倾斜航摄,可增大倾斜角度至70°进行倾斜航摄;②垂直下视航摄整体精度优于倾斜交叉航摄,无控制点时相对精度可以达到亚米级,土方测量误差小于5%;③倾斜航摄在稀少控制点时可以提高高程精度和土方测量精度,5个控制点时土方测量误差小于1%。[结论] 消费型无人机在无控和稀少控制点时构建工程堆土地形模型能够达到很高精度,可以快速、精确、三维直观地反映面积和土方变化,能够为水土保持方案实施和监测提供实时可靠的数据参考和决策依据。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The use of a consumer unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) was developed and evaluated to construct an engineering pile terrain model, that can provide data reference for urban soil and water conservation monitoring.[Methods] The consumer-level UAV DJI Elf 4Pro was used to perform vertical down photography and oblique photography of the land shape of a park under construction, and quickly construct a terrain model with different number of control points. Analysis of the relative accuracy was based on absolute accuracy, and a comparison of area and volume with approximate real values of two different aerial photography methods at different number of control points.[Results] ① The landform of the engineering pile with little terrain fluctuation was not suitable for 45° tilting aerial photography, it could increase the tilt angle to 70°; ② The overall accuracy of the vertical lower view aerial photography was better than that of the oblique cross aerial photography. The relative accuracy could reach the sub-meter level without the control point, and the earthwork measurement error was less than 5%; ③ Tilting aerial photography could improve elevation accuracy and earthwork measurement accuracy at rare control points, and the earthwork measurement error was less than 1% at five control points.[Conclusion] The construction of the engineering pile terrain model by the consumer UAV can achieve high precision with no control and rare control points. Quick, accurate, and 3D intuitive reflection of area and earthwork changes, it provides real-time and reliable data reference and decision-making basis for soil and water conservation program implementation and monitoring.

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梁石,刘万青,王宁.消费型无人机构建工程堆土地形模型的方法及精度评价[J].水土保持通报,2019,39(5):128-134

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  • 收稿日期:2019-04-01
  • 最后修改日期:2019-04-30
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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-11-16
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