[Objective] The spatial and temporal characteristics of soil conservation function and its influencing factors in Danjiangkou Reservoir area were scientifically evaluated, in order to provide a scientific basis for the establishment of soil erosion control models in the water source area of the middle route of the south-to-north water transfer project and the soil and water conservation and ecosystem safety management in the basin.[Methods] The InVEST model and the geographical detector method were used to quantitatively analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics of soil conservation function and its influencing factors in Danjiangkou Reservoir area in 2010, 2015 and 2020.[Results] Firstly, from 2010 to 2020, both of the actual amount of soil erosion and the soil erosion grade in the Danjiangkou Reservoir area decreased, and the spatial distribution trend in each year was basically consistent. Secondly, the conserved soil in Danjiangkou Reservoir area in 2010, 2015 and 2020 was 6.25×10⁹ t, 6.62×10⁹ t and 7.12×10⁹ t, respectively, which showed a gradual upward trend, indicating that the soil conservation function of the Danjiangkou Reservoir area has been continuously enhanced. Thirdly, the soil conservation function was varied in different altitude ranges. The quantity of soil conservation was larger in higher altitude areas, such as Funiu Mountains in the northeast, Qinling Mountains in the west, and Wudang Mountains in the southwest. The quantity of soil conservation was smaller in lower-altitude areas, such as the area around the Danjiangkou Reservoir. The quantity of soil conservation of different land-use types was also quite different, with wood land being the largest, followed by shrub rangeland, garden land and cultivated land. Last, the geographical detector analysis results showed that the changes in soil conservation function in the Danjiangkou Reservoir area were mainly affected by topographic factors.[Conclusion] In recent years, the soil conservation function in the Danjiangkou Reservoir area has been changed in a positive trend in general, although the quantity of soil conservation in some areas is still small. In the future, the returning farmland to forest land (or grassland) should continue to be promoted, and forest land and shrubland with strong soil conservation capabilities should be focused and protected so as to enhance the soil conservation function of Danjiangkou Reservoir area.