腐植酸在土壤改良和污染修复中的应用现状及研究展望
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S156.2

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国家重大研发项目“新型煤基吸附/固化材料及安全修复利用技术”(2020YFC1806504);北京嘉博文生物科技有限公司科研项目


Application Situation and Research Prospects of Humic Acid in Soil Improvement and Pollution Remediation
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    摘要:

    [目的] 总结腐植酸在土壤改良和污染修复中的应用成效,为腐植酸的应用研究和产品研发提供科学参考。[方法] 在长期对腐植酸资源的特性及其实践应用进行研究的基础上,参考了大量关于腐植酸研究的学术文献,综合分析了腐植酸改良土壤和修复土壤污染的原理、技术和应用情况。[结果] 腐植酸可以改良土壤团粒结构,提高肥料利用效率,维持土壤酸碱平衡和促进土壤生物活性,在退化土壤、盐碱地改良,废弃地复垦,重金属和有机物污染土壤修复中具有重要作用。在土壤改良和污染修复应用研究中主要存在如下问题: ①腐植酸来源和分级分类不清,基础性研究不足。②腐植酸新材料和技术研发缓慢,行业整体技术有待提升。③腐植酸技术规范和标准建设与应用发展不相匹配,限制推广速度。[结论] 未来研究重点应放在如下几方面: ①煤基和生物腐植酸资源分类、组分分离和互作效应等基础研究。②腐植酸在土壤改良和污染修复中的应用基础研究。③腐植酸检测方法研究和产品质量标准制定。④腐植酸新产品应用研发与示范园建设。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The effects of application researches of humic acid in soil improvement and pollution remediation were summarized in order to provide a significant reference for application research and product development of humic acid. [Methods] Based on the long-term researches on characteristics and practical application of humic acid resources, and referring to a large number of academic literatures on humic acid research, the principle, technology and application of humic acid in soil improvement and remediation of soil pollution were comprehensively analyzed. [Results] Humic acid can improve soil aggregate structure, improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, maintain soil acid-alkali balance, and promote soil biological activity. Humic acid plays an important role in mitigating the degradation of soil, improving saline-alkali land, reclaiming abandoned land, and remediating heavy metal and organic pollution of soil. At present, there are some problems regarding the application researches in soil improvement and pollution remediation. ① The sources and classification of humic acid are unclear, and basic researches are insufficient. ② Research and development of new humic acid materials and technologies are slow, and the overall technology of the industry needs to be improved. ③ The construction of technical specifications and standards in humic acid does not match the application and development of humic acid, thereby limiting the speed of promotion. [Conclusion] Future research emphasis should be placed on the following areas: ① Basic research on classification, component separation, and interaction between coal-based and biological humic acid resources. ② Applied basic research on humic acid in soil improvement and pollution remediation. ③ Researches on detection methods and formulation of product quality standards of humic acid. ④ Applied researches and development on new humic acid products and construction of demonstration parks.

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黄占斌,郝文静,冯泽珅,孔令健,马倩,赵鹏.腐植酸在土壤改良和污染修复中的应用现状及研究展望[J].水土保持通报,2022,42(2):354-361,376

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  • 收稿日期:2022-02-15
  • 最后修改日期:2022-03-14
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-05-26
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