基于工程扰动的高寒草甸移植保护技术 -以芒康县拉乌山顶草甸为例
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1.中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司;2.中国科学院水利部 成都山地灾害与环境研究所

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S812.8

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贵州省科技计划项目“石漠化山区光伏建设生态环境影响与修复技术研究及应用”(黔科合支撑【2025】一般098);华能澜沧江水电股份有限公司科技项目“高寒区水电站植被恢复工程成效评估及调控技术研究”(LCJKJ2025-07)


Engineering disturbance-based transplantation protection technology for alpine meadow -A case study of the meadow at the top of La'u mountain in Mangkang County
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Power China Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited

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    摘要:

    [目的]在高寒区开展工程建设活动,不可避免地会对脆弱的高寒草甸造成破坏,致使地表裸露,进而引发水土流失等一系列生态问题。草皮移植回铺作为一种有效的高寒草甸保护与植被恢复手段,在实际应用中,为解决占地问题,草皮掘取后常采用多层叠置方式。然而,传统的叠置和回植方法存在草甸存活率低的弊端。因此,本研究开展草皮叠放与回植技术研究。[方法]本研究选取西藏自治区芒康县拉乌山山顶高寒草甸作为研究对象,通过实施草皮人工剥离、开展不同草皮叠置层数(2层-5层)的叠置试验以及草皮回植试验,并对不同叠置层数下草皮叠置保存率、草皮回植存活率和不同时期植物物种种类进行比较分析,深入探讨草皮剥离、堆存、回植的技术要点。[结果]研究结果显示,草皮叠置整体保存率为96.89%,在叠置层数超过2层时保存率显著升高。草皮回植试验的整体存活率为87.96%,不同叠置层数之间的存活率差异并不显著。草皮堆叠导致物种种类减少,群落结构趋于简化;草皮回植后,物种种类逐渐恢复到与原生植被相近水平。综合空间利用和存活率因素,本研究推荐草皮叠置5层堆存。[结论]本研究优化了草皮剥离,堆存和回植的植被恢复措施,为高寒草甸资源保护工作提供了坚实的科学依据和宝贵的技术积累。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] In high-altitude regions, engineering and construction activities will inevitably damage the fragile alpine meadows, leading to the exposure of the land surface and triggering a series of ecological problems, such as soil erosion. Turf transplantation and replanting are effective methods for protecting and restoring alpine meadows. In practice, to address land occupation issues, the removed turf is often stacked in multiple layers before replanting. However, traditional layering and replanting methods are associated with the disadvantage of low survival rates. Therefore, this study investigated techniques for turf stacking and replanting. [Methods] We performed artificial turf stripping and conducted stacking and replanting experiments with varying turf layer numbers (2 to 5 layers) at the La'u Mountain, Mangkang County, Tibet Autonomous Region. We analyzed turf preservation rates during stacking, turf survival rates after replanting, and plant species composition under varying layer numbers and seasons. We explored the key technical aspects of turf stripping, stacking, and replanting. [Results] The results showed a turf stacking preservation rate of 96.89%, and the preservation rate increased significantly when more than two layers were stacked. The survival rate after turf replanting was 87.96%, and there was no significant difference in survival rate between different stacking layers. Turf stacking led to a reduction in species diversity and a simplification of community structure; after replanting, species diversity gradually recovered to levels similar to the original vegetation. Considering spatial efficiency and turf survival rate, we recommend stacking turf in five layers. [Conclusions] This study optimized turf stripping, stacking, and replanting measures for vegetation restoration, providing a solid scientific foundation and valuable technical knowledge for the protection of alpine meadow resources.

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  • 收稿日期:2025-06-10
  • 最后修改日期:2025-09-22
  • 录用日期:2025-09-30
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