【Objective】 To identify the comprehensive ecological environment status of Xizang and explore the future ecological security situation of Xizang, providing decision-making references for Xizang to create an ecological civilization highland, consolidate the national ecological security barrier and promote ecological civilization construction. 【Method】 Based on the PSR conceptual framework, a comprehensive evaluation index system for ecological security in Xizang Province was constructed. Through field research,the data of social and economic development and environmental protection in Xizang from 2011 to 2023 were used to evaluate the ecological security situation in Xizang. The single-factor analysis method was adopted to analyze the main factors affecting the changes in ecological security in Xizang.The one-way analysis of variance was adopted to analyze the main factors affecting the changes in ecological security in Xizang. And predict the future ecological security situation of Xizang based on the grey system prediction method.【Result】 From 2012 to 2022, the comprehensive index of ecological security in Xizang showed an overall upward trend, and the ecological security situation continued to improve. The comprehensive index of ecological security in Xizang will continue to rise from 2023 to 2032, and the ecological security situation is in and will remain stable at a low level for a relatively long time. 【Conclusion】 The ecological security level in Xizang has remained at a relatively low level for a long time. The ecosystem structure is in a stable state at a low level, and ecological security still faces considerable pressure and threats. The dynamic changes of ecological security in Xizang are closely related to the proportion of the secondary industry in the region, the total population at the end of the year, the total area of afforestation, the total amount of water resources and the urbanization rate.