The human production behavior involved in the mining process aggravates the surface wind erosion and dust release, which seriously threatens the regional ecological security and mining production activities. In this paper, the dump of Wulanhada Open-pit Coal Mine in Zhungeer Banner of Ordos City is taken as the object. Through the method of wind tunnel simulation, the wind speed and sediment transport rate of three kinds of protective measures with different specifications and different coverage are systematically analyzed. The wind protection efficiency, aerodynamic roughness and sediment transport rate of the three protective measures are analyzed and compared. The results show that the wind speed profiles in different measures are in accordance with the logarithmic function distribution ( = a + bln ( h ) ), and the wind speed is effectively weakened by wind protection in the height range of 0 ~ 20 cm. With the increase of specifications, the roughness increment decreases, and the windproof effect gradually decreases. After 50 cm height, the windproof efficiency decreases rapidly. Under the same specifications, the windproof effect of Salix sand barrier is better than that of PLA sand barrier, and the windproof effect of 0.5m × 0.5m is the best. With the increase of coverage, the windproof efficiency of plant measures gradually increased. The change of sediment transport rate with height conforms to the distribution form of three-parameter exponential model ( q ( h ) = c + ae-h/b ), and the correlation coefficient ( R2 ) is the highest among the four function models. Considering the wind speed and specifications, the best sand blocking effect is plant measures, which is greater than PLA sand barrier and greater than Salix psammophila sand barrier. This study can provide the basis for the optimization and configuration of wind erosion control measures in arid and semi-arid areas. In the future, the protection system suitable for different site conditions can be further optimized in combination with long-term field monitoring and ecological restoration needs, so as to promote the ecological security and sustainable development of mining areas.