[Objective] The environmental characteristics of wind and sand in Gansu Dunhuang Xihu National Nature Reserve were analyzed， in order to provide a basis for the scientific and effective implementation of wind and sand control and ecological protection in the reserve. [Methods] Taking this area as the research object， wind speed and direction data from the automatic weather station in the monitoring area in 2019， 2020， 2023， and 2024 were statistically processed through field observation. The wind conditions and wind-sand environment of the Dunhuang Xihu Reserve were analyzed and discussed. [Results] ① The four-year average sand-driving wind speed in the Dunhuang Xihu National Nature Reserve ranged from 6.28 m/s to 6.43 m/s. The annual maximum wind speed was approximately 14 m/s， and the annual average sand-driving wind frequency was 8.43%. Sand-driving winds were mostly concentrated in spring and summer， accounting for 73.29% of the whole year， with sand-driving wind frequencies ranging from 11% to 12% in these two seasons. The sand-driving wind directions in the reserve were mainly E and ENE. Among these， the single direction with the largest proportion was E， while that with the smallest proportion was SE. ② The annual average drift potential （DP） was 666.39 VU， classifying the area as a high wind-energy zone. Similar to sand-driving winds， DP was mainly concentrated in the E and ENE directions. The annual average resultant drift potential （RDP） was 141.09 VU， and the annual average directional variability index （RDP/DP） was 0.24， indicating low directional variability. The wind conditions were relatively complex， characterized as a compound or blunt bimodal pattern. ③ The seasonal differences in drift potential were significant， mainly concentrated in spring and summer， accounting for 80.8% of the whole year. The drift potential was highest in summer and lowest in winter. The directional variability of the drift potential for the four seasons was 0.29， 0.43， 0.34， and 0.39， respectively， indicating medium to low variability. The wind conditions in all four seasons were relatively complex. [Conclusion] The reserve is a high wind-energy zone， with prevailing east-west winds throughout the year. Sand-driving winds and drift potential are primarily concentrated in spring and summer. The annual and seasonal directional variability of the drift potential is medium to low， and the wind conditions are relatively complex. It is necessary to carry out wind prevention and sand control as well as ecological restoration work in a way that suits local conditions.