[Objective] The effects of water & soil conservation measures on the reductions of runoff and sediment were researched in Changting County of Fujian province in order to provide scientific basis for soil erosion control in the southern red soil erosion area.[Methods] In the soil and water conservation science and education park in Changting County, Fujian Povince, seven soil and water conservation measures were set, the efficiencies in runoff and sediment reduction under four kinds of rainfall with respect to intensity and type were experimented and analyzed. Method of K-mean clustering was used.[Results] ① ZG(platform+fruittree) and MWS(Pinus massoniam pure trees) were the most significant in the reduction of water loss. BC(full slope planting+sowing grass) and ZG had the most significant effect on the reduction of sediment. ② There was a significant positive correlation between runoff and rainfall. There were no significant difference in the amounts of runoff and sediment among different rainfall intensities. Runoff were significantly correlated with vegetation coverage. ③ Under the same rain pattern, the effect of different water conservation measures on reducing flow and sediment was remarkable.[Conclusion] The difference of annual runoff between the plots treated with conservation measures and the control plot was very significant. The sediment reduction rate was less affected by rainfall type. The sediment quantity of runoff was significantly correlated with vegetation coverage and soil organic matter.