[Objective] Carbon emission and its influencing factors of farmers' agricultural production was studied in order to comprehensively and rationally understand the issue of agricultural carbon emissions and promote the development of low-carbon and sustainable agricultural.[Methods] We selected Huangpi District, Jiangxia District, and Ezhou City of Wuhan City, Hubei Province as the research areas to investigate the status of farmer's agricultural production carbon emissions, calculate carbon emissions from agricultural production, analyze the structural characteristics of carbon emissions from agricultural production, and finally analyze the influencing factors of carbon emissions intensity using the semi-logarithmic regression model.[Results] ①In terms of crop structure, the total carbon emission of rice cultivation was the largest, while the carbon emission intensity of lotus root was the largest. ② In terms of carbon emission sources, chemical fertilizers were the main cause of carbon emissions, followed by input from human activities. ③ In terms of the influencing factors of carbon emission intensity, the age of farmers, the number of years of farming, the proportion of average annual agricultural income, the area of arable land, land quality, participation in agricultural technology training, and the village cadres showed significant negative impacts on the intensity of carbon emission from agricultural production.[Conclusion] Technological advancement should be emphasized to promote the low-carbon development of agriculture, agricultural production subsidies should be increased, moderate scale cultivation should be advocated, and farmers' awareness of farmland protection and agricultural technology training should be strengthened.