基于影像分析的黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤水分采样研究
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国家自然科学青年基金项目"黄土高原荒溪近自然治理的土壤-植被水文生态作用研究"(41201277);山西省科技重大专项"晋北沙化土地防治的关键技术研究与试验示范"(20121101011);山西省自然基金项目"黄土残垣沟壑区小流域土壤水分空间异质性研究"(2014011034-2)


A Study on Image-based Soil Moisture Sampling Method in Hilly and Gully Area of Loess Plateau
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    摘要:

    [目的] 以山西省寿阳县三眼井小流域土壤水分采样为例,对采样点进行了均匀性和代表性分析,以此验证土壤采样设计的合理性。[方法] 利用统计分析SPSS 13.0软件和ArcGIS软件,以规则网格采样点作为初步布设图,然后结合遥感影像,把自动生成的规则网格采样点在兼顾土地利用类型和可操作性的前提下进行微调,即采用大均匀小随机布点法进行土壤采样点布设。[结果] 最近邻点指数和变异系数均显示采样点分布较均匀;从采样点的坡度代表性来看,由于大均匀小随机采样考虑到实际可操作性,采样点布设多集中在0°~15°,坡度的代表性较差;从采样点的坡向代表性来看,采样点代表性较好;从土地利用类型代表性来看,大均匀小随机法得到的采样点对草地与耕地的代表性较好,对林地的代表性较差,主要因为林地多分布在陡坡上难以采样。[结论] 总体来看,大均匀小随机采样法得到的样点均匀性和代表性都比较好,且由于黄土丘陵沟壑区沟壑纵横,地形复杂,利用此方法可以兼顾均匀性、代表性和可操作性。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] To test the rationality of soil sampling design, we took Sanyanjing basin of Shouyang county in Shanxi Province as a case study, to analyze the uniformity and representativeness of soil water sampling.[Methods] Using statistics analysis software and ArcGIS, we took grid sampling points as the initial layout. And then combined with remote sensing images, the automatic generated regular grid sampling points were finely adjusted giving the consideration of land use types and operation, namely, using uniform sampling in large scale and random sampling in small scale method for soil sampling point layout.[Results] Both of the nearest neighbor index and coefficient of variation showed a uniform distribution of sampling points. Sampling points obtained by uniform sampling in large scale and random sampling in small scale method were mainly concentrated in the slope of 0°~15°, which is not representative according to the distribution of slope. While the selected sampling points were representative according to the distribution of aspect. The points obtained by uniform sampling in large scale and random sampling in small scale method were more representative in grassland and farmland, but fewer representatives in forest land, due to the woodland is mainly distributed on steep slope and difficult to sample.[Conclusion] The uniformity and representativeness of sampling points obtained by large uniform small sample random sampling method are quite good. This sampling method can be well applied in hilly and gully area of the Loess Plateau to obtain uniform and representative sampling points.

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王晓军,武江涛,王兵,温奋翔.基于影像分析的黄土丘陵沟壑区土壤水分采样研究[J].水土保持通报,2015,35(1):181-186

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  • 收稿日期:2014-02-27
  • 最后修改日期:2014-03-26
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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-04-05
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