四川省典型区域滑坡泥石流与降水的关系
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国家自然科学基金项目“华西秋雨年际变化规律及其形成机理研究”(41275097);四川省科技支撑计划项目(15C0098)


Relationship Between Landslide/Debris Flow and Rainfall in Typical Region of Sichuan Province
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    [目的] 对四川典型区域滑坡泥石流与降水的关系进行研究,为进一步分析四川地区气候变化与地质灾害分布规律之间的关系提供基础。[方法] 四川滑坡、泥石流灾害多由降水引发,在收集整理近15 a滑坡泥石流灾害事件后,确定出四川滑坡、泥石流的典型区域,进而分析典型区域滑坡、泥石流与降水气候特征的关系。[结果] 四川省滑坡典型区域在川东地区,泥石流典型区域在阿坝州地区。近年典型区域滑坡、泥石流近年频次明显增加,典型区域滑坡属于较长日数降水诱发型,与15 d有效降水密切相关,前期降水中,强降水所占比例较大;典型区域泥石流属于较短日数降水诱发型,与3 d有效降水密切相关,前期降水中,中小型降水所占比例较大。[结论] 研究区15 d有效降水量和3 d有效降水与降水气候特征间的关系密切,可分别作为典型区域滑坡、泥石流预报因子。

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    [Objective] We studied the relationship between climatic characteristics of rainfalls and geological disasters in typical regions of Sichuan Province to provide basis for analyzing the relation between climatic variation and geological disasters distribution in Sichuan Province.[Methods] Disaster cases were collected in recent 15 years and the typical regions of landslide and debris flow in Sichuan Province were marked out to analyze the relationship between geological disasters and the climatic characteristics of rainfalls.[Results] Landslides mainly occurred in the east of Sichuan Province, while debris flows mainly occurred in the west of Sichuan Province. The frequencies of the two kinds of disasters increased in recent years. Landslides in typical regions were caused by days precipitation, and specifically 15 days effective precipitation was responsible for it. Beside that, heavy rains were ordinarily found in early stage of the collected landslide cases. Debris flows in typical regions were caused by few-day rainfall, and was closely related to 3 days effective precipitation. Moderate rain and light rain were frequently observed in 3 days effective precipitation before debris flow outbreaks.[Conclusion] 15 days effective precipitation and 3 days effective precipitation were both associated closely to climate characteristics of rainfalls:the former can be the factor for landslide forecast, and the latter can be the factor for debris flow forecast.

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刘海知,马振峰,范广洲.四川省典型区域滑坡泥石流与降水的关系[J].水土保持通报,2016,36(6):73-77

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历史
  • 收稿日期:2016-05-05
  • 最后修改日期:2016-05-25
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  • 在线发布日期: 2017-01-13
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