[Objective] The spatial-temporal evolution of cultivated land use efficiency was analyzed on village level in Guanghe County, Gansu Province for rationale use and efficiency improvement of farmland resources in order to meet the needs of farmers in agricultural production and life.[Methods] Introducing the GIS, ESDA and the improved entropy method to reveal the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics.[Results] The economic benefits of cultivated land use on village scale increased in the past 10 years, whereas, social, ecological and the comprehensive benefits all exhibited an upward-downward trend. Areas having high economically efficiency mostly locate along riverside. Areas having high socially efficiency mostly distribute in those mountainous villages as Hongzhuang village, or far from rivers. Though land use efficiency was significantly auto-correlated the interaction among villages on the whole showed a downward trend. The high-high benefit area was shrinking, and the pattern with respect to the high-high type area also changed:the center area gradually shifted from Chuan District villages to the southwest villages of Guanghe County.[Conclusion] The benefit evaluation on village level can reflect the practical cultivated land utilization by farmers. This is helpful to make scientific and effective adjustments based on the agglomeration of benefits. Guanghe County should speed up the construction of new type of agricultural management system and form a joint force for the development of social undertakings among villages.