不同温度下紫色土与黄壤的水分持续性耗散特征
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S152.7

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国家自然科学基金项目“紫色土坡耕地土石复合坎结构与水土保持效应研究”(41471234);重庆市教委科技项目(KJZD-K201800502)


Continuous Water Loss Comparisons Between Purple Soil and Yellow Soil at Various Temperatures
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    摘要:

    [目的]研究温度对紫色土和黄壤耕地表土水分耗散的影响,为紫色土区田间土壤水分管理提供依据。[方法]采集紫色土和黄壤耕地表层土壤,分别在20℃,30℃和40℃下恒温观测土壤水分耗散过程,并计算不同时段的蒸发量和蒸发速率、平均蒸发速率、累积蒸发量等指标。[结果]①紫色土和黄壤的水分时段蒸发量、时段蒸发速率、平均蒸发速率及累积蒸发量均表现为:40℃ > 30℃ > 20℃,但仅在土壤水分蒸发量递增阶段存在显著差异(p<0.05)。②3种温度条件下,紫色土和黄壤时段蒸发量、时段蒸发速率、平均蒸发速率均呈先增后减趋势,最终趋于稳定。相比而言,紫色土累积蒸发量均小于黄壤,且差值随着时间的推移而增大。③紫色土和黄壤水分累积蒸发量整体呈先快速变化后缓慢变化趋势。[结论]紫色土和黄壤水分耗散过程受温度影响较大,在相同温度下也存在差异,尤其是在高含水率阶段较为明显。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The soil water dissipation features between purple soil and yellow soil at different temperatures were compared, in order to provide a basis for field management of soil water in the purple soil area.[Methods] The topsoil on purple soil and yellow soil farmland were collected to observe the process of water dissipation at three different temperatures (20, 30 and 40℃) conditions, and the evaporation amount and evaporation rate, average evaporation rate and cumulative evaporation amount were then calculated.[Results] ① The evaporation amount, the evaporation rate, the average evaporation rate and the cumulative evaporation amount of purple soil and yellow soil were ranked as 40℃ > 30℃ > 20℃, however, the significant difference only occurred in the incremental stage of soil water evaporation(p<0.05). ② Under the three different temperature conditions, the evaporation amount, the evaporation rate and the average evaporation rate of purple soil and yellow soil increased first and then decreased, and finally tended to be stable. In contrast, the cumulative evaporation amount of purple soil was less than that of yellow soil, and the difference increased with time. ③ The cumulative evaporation amount of soil water changed rapidly at first and then slowly.[Conclusion] The dissipation processes of purple soil and yellow soil are greatly affected by the drying temperature, and the differences occur at the same temperature, especially at the stage of high water content.

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李沙沙,韦杰,徐文秀,苟宇,罗华进.不同温度下紫色土与黄壤的水分持续性耗散特征[J].水土保持通报,2019,39(3):51-56

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  • 收稿日期:2018-09-21
  • 最后修改日期:2018-12-07
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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-07-04
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