[Objective] The important role of ecological security land use pattern in maintaining regional ecosystem balance was explored in order to provide a basis for the development and decision-making of Shoucheng Nature Reserve in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region.[Methods] Based on the theory of landscape security pattern and MCR model, GIS platform and Fragstats 4.2 software was adopted, human-computer interactive remote sensing image interpretation method was used to obtain the land use type data of Shoucheng Nature Reserve in 2013 and 2017. The evolution of landscape pattern and the construction of security pattern were studied in Shoucheng Nature Reserve.[Results] The spatial distribution of land use patches in Shoucheng Nature Reserve tended to be scattered, the fragmentation of patches increased, and the shape of patch edge tended to be complex. Land use for human activities in 2013 and 2017 was divided into four types:development core area, development transition area, development adjustment area and development restricted area. Accordingly, the corresponding suggestions and optimization schemes for different types of human activity land were proposed.[Conclusion] Human activities have an important impact on the landscape change of Shoucheng Nature Reserve. The areas of human activities show an increasing trend in the development core area, the transition area and the optimization area, but a decreasing trend in the most ecologically functional restricted area.