滇中城市群2000-2020年土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响
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F301.2;X171.1

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教育部人文社科资助项目“新型城镇化背景下滇中城市群生态用地重要性识别与格局优化研究”(20XJAZH005)


Impact of Land Use Change on Ecosystem Service Value in Urban Agglomeration of Central Yunnan Province During 2000-2020
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    摘要:

    [目的] 以高原喀斯特地貌区滇中城市群为例,引入地形梯度,探究快速城镇化过程中滇中城市群的土地利用/覆被变化(LUCC)对生态系统服务价值(ESV)的影响,为其他相似地区的生态系统服务价值提升和土地利用规划提供理论指导。[方法] 基于2000,2010和2020年3期土地利用数据,结合地形位指数、修正的ESV当量和热点分析等技术手段定量探讨滇中城市群2000—2020年的土地利用和ESV在地形梯度上的时空变化特征,并通过ESV损益流向表分析滇中城市群LUCC对ESV的影响。[结果] ①2000—2020年,滇中城市群耕地和林地分别减少了1.21×105 hm2,1.19×105 hm2,而建设用地面积增加了2.16×105 hm2。耕地、水域和建设用地主要集中分布在低地形梯度上,林地主要集中分布在高地形梯度上。②ESV总体呈下降趋势,价值量从2000年的1 196.41亿元减少到2020年的1 137.50亿元,共减少58.91亿元。ESV在地形梯度上的空间分异特征显著,ESV高值区主要分布在海拔高且坡度大的西部和北部区域,ESV低值区则与之相反。③林地和水域的流失以及建设用地对耕地的侵占导致ESV损失惨重,损失区主要分布于昆明市中部和红河州北部的城镇区。2010—2020年,由于退耕还林、还草、还湖等政策的实施使红河州北部和曲靖市北部区域的林地和水域面积增加并出现ESV增值区。[结论] 研究期内LUCC对ESV产生了较大影响,并在地形梯度上表现出了较明显的空间差异。可以通过对现有林草地和湖滨湿地进行改善和保护,并严格控制ESV损失冷点区等措施来提升滇中城市群生态系统服务价值和促进区域土地可持续利用。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] Taking the urban agglomeration of Central Yunnan Province in the plateau karst area as an example, the terrain gradient was introduced to explore the impact of land use/cover change (LUCC) on ecosystem service value (ESV) in the process of rapid urbanization, in order to provide theoretical guidance for the improvement of ecosystem service value and land use planning of other similar areas. [Methods] Based on the land use data from 2000 to 2020, combined with the topographic index, modified ESV equivalent and hotspot analysis method, the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of LUCC and ESV on the terrain gradient the study area from 2000 to 2020 was quantitatively discussed, and the impact of LUCC on ESV was analyzed through the ESV profit and loss flow table. [Results] ① From 2000 to 2020, the cultivated land and forest land in the study area decreased by 1.21×105 hm2 and 1.19×105 hm2, respectively, while the construction land increased by 2.16×105 hm2. Cultivated land, water land and construction land were mainly concentrated on low terrain gradient, and forest land was mainly concentrated on high terrain gradient. ② The value of ESV decreased from 119.64 billion yuan to 113.75 billion yuan from 2000 to 2020, with a total decrease of 5.89 billion yuan. ESV had significant spatial differentiation characteristics on the terrain gradient. ESV high-value areas were mainly distributed in the western and northern regions with high altitudes and steep slopes, while ESV low-value areas were on the contrary. ③ The loss of forest land and water land and the occupation of construction land on cultivated land led to heavy loss of ESV. The loss areas were mainly distributed in urban areas in the central part of Kunming City and the northern part of Honghe Prefecture. From 2010 to 2020, due to the implementation of the policy of returning cultivated land to forest land, grassland, and water land, the area of forest land and water land in the northern part of Honghe Prefecture and the northern part of Qujing City increased, and the ESV value-added areas appeared. [Conclusion] During the study period, LUCC had a great impact on ESV and showed obvious spatial differences on the terrain gradient. Measures such as improving and protecting the existing forests, grasslands and lakeside wetlands, and strict control of ESV loss cold spots can effectively improve the ecosystem service value and promote regional sustainable land use of the study area.

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冉玉菊,雷冬梅,刘林,高丽萍.滇中城市群2000-2020年土地利用变化对生态系统服务价值的影响[J].水土保持通报,2021,41(4):310-322

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  • 收稿日期:2021-03-16
  • 最后修改日期:2021-04-23
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-08-31
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