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首页 > 过刊浏览>2023年第43卷第4期 >24-30,52. DOI:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2023.04.004
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风化矸石山不同侵蚀微生境的基质理化性质与水分特征
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S152.3

基金项目:

辽宁省自然资源科技创新项目“辽西矿区土壤基质改良与生物修复技术及应用研究”;辽宁工程技术大学学科创新团队项目(LNTU20TD-01，LNTU20TD-25)


Physical-chemical Characteristics and Moisture Characteristics of Substrates in Different Eroded Microhabitats of Weathered Gangue Dumps
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    摘要:

    [目的] 研究不同侵蚀微生境下基质的理化性质与水分特征，为揭示其植被定居与恢复的驱动与限制机制提供理论基础，为北方早期矿区废弃地植被重建的实践提供科学参考。[方法] 以裸坡、细沟、浅沟与堆积体为研究对象，研究其基质的机械组成、容重、毛管孔隙度、pH值、电导率与水分特征及其相互关系。[结果] 各粒径基质在不同侵蚀微生境间变化各异，而且不同土层间存在差异。不同侵蚀微生境基质容重大小表现为：浅沟＞细沟＞裸坡＞堆积体，而毛管孔隙度大小表现为：堆积体＞裸坡＞浅沟＞细沟。不同侵蚀微生境基质的pH值无显著性差异，但其在不同土层变化有所差异；电导率均表现为：堆积体＞裸坡＞浅沟＞细沟，且在10—20 cm土层高于0—10 cm土层。不同侵蚀微生境的基质含水率与毛管持水量均表现为：堆积体＞裸坡＞浅沟＞细沟，裸坡与浅沟的基质含水率与毛管持水量均在上坡位最低，而细沟的在中坡位最低。[结论] 风化矸石山基质水分特征主要受容重和毛管孔隙度影响显著，裸坡和堆积体砂粒和中粗粒相对较多，水分较好，可为植被定居与恢复提供安全生境。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The physical and chemical properties and water characteristics of substrates under different eroded microhabitats were studied to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the driving and limiting mechanisms of vegetation settlement and restoration, and to provide scientific references for the practice of vegetation reconstruction in early abandoned mining areas in the North China. [Methods] The mechanical composition, bulk density, capillary porosity, pH value, electrical conductivity, and moisture characteristics of bare slopes, rills, shallow gullies, and deposit bodies were studied, and the relationships between them were analyzed. [Results] Particle size matrices varied among different eroded microhabitats, and there were differences among different soil layers. The bulk density of the substrates in different eroded microhabitats followed the order of shallow gully>rill>bare slope>deposit body, while capillary pore size followed the order of deposit body>bare slope>shallow gully>rill. There were no significant differences in the pH value of different eroded microhabitats, but there were differences in the changes in different soil layers. Electrical conductivity followed the order of deposit body>bare slope>shallow gully>rill, and was higher in the 10—20 cm soil layer than in the 0—10 cm soil layer. The matrix moisture content and capillary water capacity of different eroded microhabitats followed the order of deposit body>bare slope>shallow gully>rill. The matrix moisture content and capillary water capacity of the bare slope and the shallow gully were the lowest on the upper slope, while they were lowest for the rill on the middle slope. [Conclusion] The substrate moisture characteristics of weathered gangue dumps were significantly affected by bulk density and capillary porosity. There were relatively more sand and medium-coarse grain particles in bare slopes and deposit bodies of weathered gangue dumps, and the moisture characteristics were superior. Bare slopes and deposit bodies can provide a safe habitat for vegetation settlement and restoration.

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王东丽,刘艺,张子倩,赵晓亮,王东,杨光.风化矸石山不同侵蚀微生境的基质理化性质与水分特征[J].水土保持通报,2023,43(4):24-30,52

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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-05
  • 最后修改日期:2022-12-06
  • 在线发布日期: 2023-09-27

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