[Objective] Soil conservation plays a key role in preventing land degradation and regulating ecosystem processes. In 2021, Linyi City, as the first batch of integrated protection and restoration projects of " Mountain, Water, Forest, Field, Lake, Grass and Sand" (hereinafter referred to as the "landscape project"), deployed 8 restoration units with a total of 74 protection and treatment projects. It is crucial to investigate the changes over time and space in soil conservation before and after the implementation of the "landscape project" and the influencing factors for evaluating the project effect and providing reference for future planning. [Methods] Based on InVEST model, this study evaluated the spatio-temporal variation characteristics of soil conservation ability in Linyi City in 2018, 2020 and 2022, and analyzed the response relationship between soil conservation ability and influencing factors from two dimensions of time and space. [Results] The soil conservation capacity of Linyi City in 2018, 2020 and 2022 was 23.12 t/(hm2·a), 29.62 t/(hm2·a) and 53.70 t/(hm2·a), respectively. The spatial distribution was "high in the northwest and low in the southeast". Among the four major influencing factors, precipitation, soil, topography and vegetation, topography is the main factor affecting its spatial distribution, while the interannual variation is mainly driven by precipitation. [Conclusion] Soil conservation capacity in Linyi City showed significant improvement, with obvious spatial differences and interannual variations. This paper analyzes the factors affecting soil conservation ability from two dimensions of time and space, providing a basis for monitoring and evaluating the ecological benefits of "landscape project" and offering scientific support for achieving sustainable development goals.