［Objective］ The response of the shear resistance characteristics of Hippophae rhamnoides root-soil complexes to stubble rejuvenation was examined in the Pisha sandstone area of Inner Mongolia. The aim was to obtain data for providing theoretical guidance for optimizing the biomechanical strategies used for conserving soil and water and sustainably managing H. rhamnoides plantations in this region. ［Methods］ The 8-year-old declining H. rhamnoides plantations in the Pisha sandstone area of Inner Mongolia were selected as research objects. The root distribution and shear characteristics of root-soil complexes were compared between a stubble rejuvenation group （after one growing season） and a control group. ［Results］ The number， length， surface area and dry weight of the roots with a 0—1.5 mm diameter in the root system of H. rhamnoides were 9.29%， 0.03%， 8.35%， and 8.60% larger， respectively， in the rejuvenation group than in the control group， indicating that stubble rejuvenation promoted the growth of fine roots. The shear and residual shear strengths of the root-soil complexes， the cohesion and residual cohesion， and the internal and residual internal friction angles were 4.08% and 28.80%， 8.25% and 50.64%， and 18.00% and 25.57% larger， respectively， in the stubble group than in the control group in the soil layer where the roots were concentrated. The shear and residual shear resistances of the root-soil complexes in the stubble and control H. rhamnoides were higher than those of plain soil； that is， the shear resistance of root-containing soil was higher than that of root-free soil. ［Conclusion］ Stubble rejuvenation promoted the growth of fine roots. The activities of fine roots increased the number of interactions between roots and soil， and the root-soil bonding strengthened. The shear strength of the Hippophae rhamnoides root-soil complex after stubble rejuvenation increased through the cementation of the fine root network and the entanglement of fine roots， which increased the stability and erosion resistance of the soil.