忽视上游水土流失治理,板桥水库修复后也将再溃决
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Ignoring the harness of soil loss on upper reaches repaired Banqiao reservior might collapse again
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    摘要:

    原板桥水库上游,水土流失非常严重。大坝建成后,既不治理水库上游的水土流失,对大坝工程经营管理也很差;坝体出现了险情,几次上报水利部门,官僚主义者不屑一顾。1975年8月一次洪水,主管人员惊慌失措,束手无策,大坝不幸溃决,制造了一场空前的人为灾难,数十万人丧生。灾难后十多年来,水库上游童山秃岭依旧,水土流失愈演愈烈,大坝又在原址上耗费巨资重修。历史是无情的。如果一如既往,重蹈覆辙,板桥水库必然再度溃决。四川的水库就有五建五溃的先例;云南1985年一次就垮了13座大坝;最近山西溃决一个大坝,冲击18个城镇,淹没300多个村庄。前几年公布的每年溃决90座大坝,目前这个数字可能突破了。不注意水土保持,水利工程定会变成水害工程。

    Abstract:

    Soil loss on upper reaches of Banqiao reservior was highly serious.After the dam had been constructed the soil loss there was not harnessed, the management of the dam has been disappointing. When reportabout dangerous situation of the dam was reported to the departmentsin charge of water conservancy the bureaucrats disdain to pay attention.In the August, 1975, facing a flood people in charge were beingfrightened out of their wits,having no way to counter with,the dam wascollapsed unfortunstly, which created an unprecedented disaster by human being,several hundred thousands persons were killed. More than tenyears have passed since the occuring of the disaster, the scense of baremountain and hill seen just as it was before, but soil loss is getting greater, meanwhile, huge amount of cost is poured to build dam on the old site. The history is hard, if it went along the old routine, the Banqiaoreservoir will collapse certainly. A reservoir in Sichuan Province hadbeen collapsed for five times after building for five times, 13 sets ofdams of Yunnan Province were broken down in a time in 1985,a recentburst of a great dam in Shanxi Province destroyed 18 villages, submerged 300 or more villages. The number of 90 dams collapsing every year,announced in former years, might have been topped now. It is said thatwaterconservancy projects can change into water disaster projects. if thesoil and water conservation is neglected.

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赵凤威.忽视上游水土流失治理,板桥水库修复后也将再溃决[J].水土保持通报,1988,(5):52-57,7

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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-12-01
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