地表坡度对雨滴溅蚀的影响
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The Effect of Land slope upon Raindrop Splash Erosion
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    摘要:

    采用人工模拟降雨的试验方法,分别研究了地表坡度对向上坡,侧坡及下坡溅蚀量的影响。结果表明:向上坡、侧坡溅蚀量与地表坡度的关系大致为抛物线型,临界坡度在10°~15°与20°~25°之间,但当i=2.037mm/min时,向侧坡溅蚀量与地表坡度为幂函数关系,临界坡度消失。向下坡溅蚀量与地表坡度成线性递增关系,其递增速率随雨强的增加而增大。最后给出了雨滴溅蚀总量与EI及地表坡度S的复因子关系式。ST=5.985(EI)0.544S0.471式中:ST=——单位面积上的溅蚀总量(g);E——雨滴动能(J/m2);I——降雨强度(mm/min);S——地表坡度(°)

    Abstract:

    The effect of land slope upon the amount of the upslope, sideslope and downslope splash erosion was studied by using the simulated rainfall tests individually. The results indicated that the relation between the amount of the upslope and downslope splash erosion and land slope was roughly parabolic, and that when the critical slope was between 10°—15° and 20°—25°, but when i=2.037mm/min., the relation between the amount of sideslope splash erosion and land slope was a power function, and the critical slope disappeared, and that the relation detween the amount of downslope splash erosion and land slope was on the leaner increase, whose ascending rate increased with an increase in rainfall intensity. Finally, the multiple-factor equation of total amount of raindrop splash erosion, EI and land slope (S) was given in this paper, i. e. ST=5.985 (EI)0.544S0.471 where, ST——the total amount of solash erosion (g) per unit area E——raindrop kinetic energy (J/m2) I——rainfall intensity (mm/min.)

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吴普特,周佩华.地表坡度对雨滴溅蚀的影响[J].水土保持通报,1991,(3):8-13,28

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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-12-01
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