半干旱区发展集雨节灌农业的效益研究
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Benefit of developing Runoff Harvesting and Economical Supplementary Irrigation in Semi-arid Area
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    摘要:

    半干旱区集蓄雨水的主要目的是抗旱保苗,补灌大田粮食作物,解决人畜饮水和补灌果树、塑料大棚蔬菜、日光温室蔬菜,发展庭院经济。评定雨水利用措施效益的结果表明:集蓄的雨水用于大田作物补灌,每1t水产值均在11元以下。用于果园补灌,每1t水产值高达40元,补灌日光温室蔬菜,每1t水产值可达72元,补灌塑料大棚蔬菜,每1t水产值达15元。由于大部分自然集流面都远离农户,不便于蔬菜果树生产,只能用于粮食作物生产,尽管经济效益不如蔬菜和果园高,但通过大面积补灌,可以提高粮食作物产量,解决温饱问题。

    Abstract:

    The main aim of runoff harvesting in semi-arid area is to lighten soil and water loss, solve the problem of watering people and domestic animals, develop courtyard economy, prevent drought and keep a full stand of seedings, irrigate supplementarily(SI) fruit trees, vegetables in greenhouse and solar radiation greenhouse, irrigate supplementarily field crops. Different use measures of harvested runoff have much different benefit. According to output value of water pur ton(OVPt). The results of benefits of every water use measures show: If soil water capacity is lower than 11 percent, water providing sowing technology can keep a full stand of seedings used 15~45m3/ha water. Water providing dibble technology can keep a full stand of seedings of corn or other thinly scattered crops used 1~1.5kg water pur spot or 30~45m3/ha water. Through SI, OVPt of fruit trees can reach 40 Yuan,and that of vegetables cultivated in solar radiation greenhouse can reach 72 Yuan, vegetables cultivated in greenhouse 15 Yuan, the OVPt of field crops are all lower than 11 Yuan. But most of the area which is suitable for runoff harvesting is far from household, it is difficult to produce fruit and vegetables in this area, cereals can be produced only. Although benefit of fields crops cultivated with SI is not goods enough, if SI is used in a big area, the problem of sufficient goods and adequate clothing can be solved stablely.

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曹国璠.半干旱区发展集雨节灌农业的效益研究[J].水土保持通报,1999,(2):40-43

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  • 收稿日期:1998-12-16
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-11-28
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