The upper reaches of the Yellow river in Qinghai province is not only a base for industry, agriculture, animal husbandry and fishery production, but also one of source of hydraulic and electric power that will be significantly develop by government, so it play an important role in the economy development of Qinghai province. In recent years, ecological environment protection of Qinghai province, as a major water resource of the Yellow river, has aroused great concern of the whole society with frequent discontinuation of water in the lower reaches. Analysis of water and sediment materials from main hydro-stations in the upper reaches of the Yellow river in Qinghai province showed that, the area in the upper reaches of the Yellow river was only 23.4% of the total Yellow river basin, while its runoff was 47.5%, and sediment yield was only 3.86% of that of the whole basin, so it was a major area of water production and supply. Water resource of the Yellow river in Qinghai province mainly come from the region between Dari in Qinghai and Maqu in Gansu province and the nearby areas, where was a main water flow producing region of the Yellow river in Qinghai province.