辽宁东部山区几种主要森林植被类型水量平衡研究
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辽宁省自然科学基金项目(92203004)


Water Balance of Major Forest Types in East Liaoning Mountainous Region
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    摘要:

    采用固定标准地观测方法,在对辽宁东部山区5种主要森林类型降雨分配、植被层的蒸腾耗水及林地土壤蒸发的实际观测及对某些平衡因子(如径流量)通过简化水量平衡方程余项法推求基础上,建立森林水量平衡关系。研究表明,各林分类型生长季总蒸散量为476.6~651.3mm,以林冠的蒸发散为主,占同期总蒸散量的73.5%~88.6%,林冠下林地蒸发散为69.3~126.5mm,占总蒸发散的11.4%~26.5%;林地不易发生地表径流,生长季地下径流深76.6~263.9mm,占同期降雨量的10.3%~35.5%。各林型间水量平衡分量有很大差异,针叶林总蒸散量明显高于阔叶林。

    Abstract:

    The forest water balance relationships were established based on the rainfall redistribution by forests, water transpiration from vegetal strata, forest soil evaporation observed and measured in site by means of fixed standard plots method as well as ot her co ncerned f acto rs(such as runof f)deduced as balances from the simplified water balance equations. The results showed that the total evapotranspiration ranged from 476.6 to 651.3 mm for the five forest vegetation types in growth season, in which the canopy evapotranspiration was the major part, ranged 476.6~651.3 mm, accounting for 73.5%~88.6% of the total; The forest field evapotranspiration under canopy changed from 69.3 mm to 126.5 mm, making up 11.4%~26.5% of the total; The groundflow depth ranged from 69.3 mm to 126.5 mm, sharing 11.4%~26.5% of the total; Surface runoff did not easily happen in forest fields, and ground flow depth ranged 76.6~263.9 mm, accounting for 10.3%~35.5% of the rainfall amount in the same period. There was much large difference among forest types in water balance components, showing that the total evapotranspiration for conifers was apparently larger than that for hardwoods.

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高人.辽宁东部山区几种主要森林植被类型水量平衡研究[J].水土保持通报,2002,(2):5-8

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  • 收稿日期:2001-11-15
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  • 在线发布日期: 2014-11-28
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