The Heihe River basin,an inland-flow catchment and a very important base for grain,vegetable and economic crops,is one of the most affected areas by human economic activities.The water and land resources over exploitation of the middle reaches lead to a serious ecological problem at downstream.This has already threatened the safety of ecosystem within the whole basin.T he problem is mainly showed as zero -flow appears frequently,lakes dried up,groundwater table declined,area of forest decreased,lawns degradation seriously,land deserted and sand storm harms aggravated,etc.These environmental problems have been noticed diffusely by the government and public.The measure of water saving and distribution retionalization which are implementing within the basin is one of the primary ways for its environment protection.Harmonious development among population,resources and environment basinwide is very significant to maintain the stabilization of the border area,promote the progress of the society,and implement the strategy of the great exploiture of Western China.