The recognition of present agricultural status is helpful to realize the sustainable development of agriculture.The appropriate assessment system of agricultural sustainable development of 14 karst counties in Chongqing Municipality is studied based on the characteristics of the karst eco-environment.By factor analysis method,a mathematic model evaluating the quantitative level of agricultural sustainable development is established.Regional economic level,population stress,abundance of land resources,agricultural produetion pattern,and karst rocky desertification are found to be the key factors.Agricultural structure should be adjusted,pattern of agricultural industries should be optimized,soil and water pollution should be controlled,and scientific agricultural development plans should be set down.