This study aims at providing valuable references for soil and water conservation in the future through analyzing the comprehensive soil ad water loss control and evaluating its benefits in Jiangsu Province.By analyzing the characteristics and current situation of soil and water loss in Jiangsu Province,comprehensive control systems of hill,river,field,forest,and road for small watersheds in the hilly areas and river,ditch,embankment,fields wood,and road for small regions in the sandy plain areas have been established.The plans for key engineering measures distribution and their engineering amount in the areas are formulated.Based on the control systems,index system and the corresponding calculation model for the benefits evaluation of soil and water conservation were established to measure and analyze ecological,economical and social benefits of the planned measures.Results showed that all the control measures reduced soil erosion 1.384 6 million tons and water interception and storage 127.452 2 million cubic meters in the year when the measures became effective.Besides,50.590 5 million RMB economic benefits were turned out significantly at the final stage of plan implementation and farmers′ average per capital income increased by 552.18 RMB.