The optimal deployment scheme based on multi-objective genetic algorithm can provide references for urban sustainable utilization and management of water resources． The optimal deployment scheme for Xining City was established according to the actual situation of water resources，and was optimized by using multi-objective genetic algorithm． The results show in different years with various guarantee rates，the supplies of total and individual water resources reduced substantially after optimal deployment，while the reductions in surface water and groundwater were more significant． The application of the multi-objective genetic algorithm in optimizing water resource deployment showed preferable effects，resulting in reasonable and reliable results．