Water and soil resource is an organic system of interactions and restrictions with each other,which is the main line throughout the coordination and sustainable development of regional society,economy,andenvironment.Shiyang River basin is a typical area lack of water resources in northwest arid zone.Oasis citiesrelying on the basin are the agglomeration centers of human production and life,and have a special and sensitive human-environment relationship.By taking Wuwei City as an example,and constructing LUCC ecological risk model,the dynamic and spatial changes in the ecological risks of land utilization were revealed withthe help of GIS and statistical method.Besides,identification and evaluation system for the ecological risksof water utilization were established by referring to the bulletin of water resources and statistic yearbook（2003-2009）of Wuwei City and the trends of the changes in water utilization risk were analyzed comparatively.The main conclusions are as follows:the ecological risk of land use cover in Wuwei City mainly concentrated on cultivated land,grassland and unused land which totally account for a greater percent in thewhole area;the integrated land use risk indexes for the counties and districts of the city increased during theresearch period and changes of land use patterns produced a certain degree ecological risk;the ecological risklevel of water resources utilization from 2003to 2009rose significantly,and the counties and districts shouldtake corresponding countermeasures to deal with the change in ecological risks of water and soil resources.