The input-output condition,work efficiency and environmental load of the agro-ecosystem in theChangsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration were systematically assessed based on the theory andmethod of emergy analysis.Results showed that the nonrenewable supplemental emergy dominated over theagro-ecosystem emergy input in the urban agglomeration and thus caused a high cost of the production.Themajority of emergy output was forestry and animal husbandry,while crop cultivation and fishery had a relatively low percentage.The environment load ratio was lower compared with developed countries and regionsand thus the agro-ecosystem had a large development space.From the perspective of emergy analysis,theChangsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration should optimize its input-output structure ecosystem with multi-level,high function and low emergy consumption.