To establish the index system is the key step of the regionalization of soil and water conservation which is the basis of soil and water conservation.The new regionalization work is]ust in its starting stage in Jiangsu Province after the new law decide how to choose the index.22 on soil and water conservation was published,at which it is important to indexes were selected based on the design principles of index system of soil and water conservation regionalization,combined with the characteristics of natural,social,economic conditions and land use and soil erosion and water loss situation in Jiangsu Province,from which 15 indexes were extracted by principal component analysis,calculated with the weight of every component,and finally the index system established.