The distribution of desertification land in Ebinur Lake region in 1990 and 2010 was monitored by remote sensing and GIS technology. There was a large area of desertification land in Ebinur Lake region and it was mainly distributed in east of study area and the west bank of Ebinur Lake. The decrease of desertification land was obvious from 1990 to 2010. The desertification land decreased from 4426.49 km² in 1990 to 3789.16 km² in 2010, decreased by 3789.16 km². The study area experienced a development process from strong reverse of desertification to stability and development. From 1990 to 2001, the area of desertified land reduced from 4426.49 km² to 3713.25 km²; from 2001 to 2007, the total area of desertified land will remain basically unchanged, but the degree of desertification is slightly higier. In the past 20 years, the desertification is particularly serious due to climate change and irrational human activities, and the eastern part of the study area is more serious.